Emile Durkheim

Introduction to Basic Sociology #9: Emile Durkheim (9), Durkheim’s critique of Tönnies

Learn Tönnies’s key concepts: Gemeinschaft (community), Gesellschaft (association), and Genossenschaft (cooperative networks). See how community ties persist in modern societies and the critiques by Durkheim and Putnam.
2026.03.19
Emile Durkheim
Emile Durkheim

Introduction to Basic Sociology #8: Emile Durkheim (8),Explaining Crime and Punishment in Émile Durkheim’s Sociology

Explore Émile Durkheim’s perspective on crime as a relative concept shaped by societal values and norms. This article explains what constitutes crime, the function of punishment, the role of crime in maintaining social cohesion, and Durkheim’s laws of penal evolution, with concrete examples and insights for modern society.
2026.03.18
Emile Durkheim
Emile Durkheim

Introduction to Basic Sociology #7: Emile Durkheim (7), Non-contractual elements in contracts

A contract is not just a matter of mutual interest. This article explains Durkheim’s concept of the non-contractual elements of contract in plain terms, while also examining Spencer’s liberal stance, and connecting these ideas to the system theories of Luhmann and Parsons. A sociological inquiry into the origins of social order.
2025.08.06
Emile Durkheim
Emile Durkheim

Introduction to Basic Sociology #6: Emile Durkheim (6), What is repressive law and restitutive law?

Durkheim analyzed social solidarity indirectly by distinguishing between repressive law and restitutive law. This article explains in clear terms how to observe the invisible internal social facts of solidarity through the visible external facts of law, clarifying the legal structures behind mechanical and organic solidarity.
2025.07.23
Emile Durkheim
Emile Durkheim

Introduction to Basic Sociology #5: Emile Durkheim (5), What is sociological theory?

Discover how sociologists use theory to bring order to complex social phenomena. Learn why theory matters, and how it helps us interpret everyday life and hidden social patterns.
2025.07.08
Emile Durkheim
Emile Durkheim

Introduction to Basic Sociology #4: Emile Durkheim (4), collective conscience and collective representations

This article is the fourth installment of the Introductory Sociology series.
2025.06.23
Emile Durkheim
Emile Durkheim

Introduction to Basic Sociology #3: Emile Durkheim (3), The difference between segmentary society and organized society

This article is the third installment of the Introductory Sociology series.
2025.06.11
Emile Durkheim
Two-point perspective

[tenth Session] How to Draw a Classroom Using Two-Point Perspective

This guide walks you through how to accurately draw a classroom using two-point perspective. You will learn how to set up the basic frame, construct the front wall, and build grid squares for the floor, walls, and ceiling. The tutorial focuses on real-world dimensions and spatial consistency, making it ideal for architectural sketches, background art, and educational use.
2025.06.03
Two-point perspective
Emile Durkheim

Introduction to Basic Sociology #2: Emile Durkheim (2), The difference between mechanical solidarity and organic solidarity

This article is the second installment of the Introductory Sociology series.
2025.05.30
Emile Durkheim
One-point perspective

[ninth Session] How to Draw a Classroom Using One-Point Perspective

Master the basics of one-point perspective drawing by creating a realistic classroom scene.This step-by-step guide is ideal for art students, educators, and digital illustrators who want to learn vanishing points, grid layouts, and spatial composition.
2025.05.26
One-point perspective
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